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RiversKrutinna
In the summertime, when the water temperature rises, some of the stones in the upper reaches of the River Krutinna take a blood-red colour, and therefore they are known as "Blood Stones". They owe that colour to an alga species called "Hildebrandtia rivularis", whose chlorophyll is covered by red pigments during that period. Numerous legends are connected to those Blood Stones. PissekThe River Pissek (in Polish: Pisa) rises in Lake Rosch and flows, having passed a distance of 80.4 km, into the River Narew near Nowogrod. It is up to 2 m deep and inclines by 25 cm per km. The River Pissek meanders through lowland and marshland. Its name goes back to the Old Prussian word "pisa" = marsh. In German that river was also called "Galinde". Even the name "River Pisch" was heard. At the time of the Order the River Pissek was twice as wide as it is today. It was regulated in 1795. AlleThe River Alle (in Polish: Lyna, in Russian: Lava) rises north of Neidenburg near Lahna, runs through Lake Lansk (Jezioro Lanskie) and, having passed a distance of 220 km, enters the River Pregel (in Russian: Pregolja) near Wehlau (in Russian: Znamensk). River LyckThe River Lyck (in Polish: Elk) rises in the Borken Forest, pours through Lake Laschmiaden, leaving it at Groß Malinowken, and arrives at Lake Stradaunen. Finally, the waters of the River Lyck flow into the River Bobr (Biebrza). River MalkienIn Polish: Lega. The River Malkien feeds the Great Lake Sellment. AngerappIn Polish: Wegorapa, in Russian: Angrapa. The River Angerapp flows out of Wall Lake and, having passed a distance of 153 km, unites with the River Inster (in Russian: Instruc) near Insterburg (in Russian: Cernjahovsk) to become the River Pregel. The River Angerapp was canalized near Angerburg in 1856. OmulefIn Polish: Omulew. It was regulated in 1934. More riversBabant, Bogumillen, Gablick, Goldap (in Polish: Goldapa), Golubica, Jarke (Jarka), Johannis (Wincenta), Konopka, Kottla, Neide (Nida), Orschütz (Orzyc), Eastern Channel (Jerutka), Pissowoda, Prussia (Dabrowka), Puppen (Struga), Reed Brook (Dziekalowka), Rosogga (Rozoga), Rostken, Rybnica, Skottau (Szkotowka), Soldau (Dzialdowka), Sparken, Sury, Swiecek, Turoscheln (Turosl), Waldpusch (Walpusza), Western Channel (Radostowka), Wilkus LakesLake SpirdingLake Spirding (in Polish: Jezioro Sniardwy) extends to 113.8 km² and is 23.4 m deep. It is also called "Sea of Masuria" because it is the largest of the Masurian lakes. It forms several larger fingers, such as Lake Beldahn (Jezioro Beldany). With an area of 9.44 km², a length of 12.4 km, a width of 1.5 km and a depth of 46 m it is a lake which contains several wooded islands covering an area of 0.033 km² altogether. It is surrounded by high, sandy shores covered with Norwegian spruces and pine trees. Other fingers bear the names Lake Sexter (Jezioro Seksty; 7.8 km²), Lake Warnold (Jezioro Warnolty), Lake Nikolaiken (Jezioro Mikolajskie), Lake Kaczerajno (Jezioro Kaczerajno) and Lake Tuchlinnen (Jezioro Tuchlin). Lake Spirding and its fingers cover an area of 130 km² altogether, stretching over 22.7 km from west to east and 13.4 km from north to south. Its shores are partly marshy. In the southern part of the lake are the isles of Langenwerder and Teufelswerder (Czarci Ostrow), furthermore the peninsulas of Spirdingswerder (Szeroki Ostrow) and Friedrichswerder (Kaczor), which are connected with the mainland through dams. Lake Spirding provides a retreat to animals and plants which are being threatened by extinction. Lake Beldahn and Lake Nikolaiken have been graded into water class II. Their waters are suitable for leisure activities and stockbreeding and drinkable after purification. Wall LakeWall Lake (in Polish: Jezioro Mamry), covering an area of 104 km², used to be called Lake Angerburg too. It is 20 km long and in its northern part up to 38.5 m deep. Wall Lake is formed of several basins, which have their own names: Wall Lake in the narrow sense, Lake Schwenzait (Jezioro Swiecajty), Lake Dargainen (Jezioro Dargin), Lake Kissain (Jezioro Kisajno) 19.5 km², Lake Doben (Jezioro Dobskie), Lake Labab (Jezioro Labap), Lake Kirsaiten (Jezioro Kirsajty) and Lake Bodma. The River Angerapp allows the lake to drain the north. Wall Lake is expanding, due to a rise by 4 mm a year in the northern offshore ground. When a water-mill was built in 1490 the lake was dammed up by 2 to 3 m, and again by further 2 to 3 m in 1520 when the weir was extended. Lots of stones and sandbanks can be found at the bottom of the lake. There's an island called Isle of Upalten in Wall Lake and there are two islands in Lake Doben: the Cormorant Island and the Isle of Glima. All three islands are legally protected. Wall Lake has been graded into water class I. That means its water has the quality of drinking water. Lake LöwentinLake Löwentin, also known as Lake Lötzen (in Polish: Jezioro Niegocin) extends to 26.04 km². It is 10.8 km long, 4.8 km wide and 39.7 m deep. The Isle of Graiwer is situated in its eastern part, covering an area of 0.039 km². There are two fingers to the south: Lake Saiten (Jezioro Boczne) and Great Lake Mialk. Lake RoschLake Rosch (in Polish: Jezioro Ros), also known as Lake Warsaw in the 19th century, is an S-shaped, channel-like lake with a depth of up to 31.8 m, covering an area of 18.877 km². Its shores are mostly marshy, in the south between Lupken and Ruda however steep and covered with wood. Two peninsulas jut out into the lake, with one village on each of them (Faulsbruchwerder and Pilchen). Three rivers pour into Lake Rosch: the River Wilkus, coming from Lake Kessel, the River Swiecek, coming from Lake Borowe, and the River Konopka. The River Pissek leaves Lake Rosch. Lake RaygrodIn Polish: Jezioro Rajgrodzkie, 15 km². Great Lake SellmentIn Polish: Jezioro Selmet Wielkie, 12,78 km². It is situated near Mrossen to the east of Lyck and is fed by the River Malkien. Lake RheinIn Polish: Jezioro Rynskie, a deep, channel-like lake, 11.3 km². Lake Rhein has been graded into water class I. Lake NiedenIn Polish: Jezioro Niedzkie. It has an area of 10.2 km², a length of 23 km, a width of 3.8 km and a depth of 24 m. 13 islands are situated in the lake. This lake is a nature reserve. That's why the use of motorboats is prohibited. Its shores are wooded. Lake LaschmiadenIn Polish: Jezioro Lasmiady, 8.85 km², with Lake Uloffke (Jezioro Ulowkie) and Lake Reckent (Jezioro Rekaty) 13.6 km². The River Lyck flows through the lake. Lake MuckerIn Polish: Jezioro Mokre. It has an area of 8.46 km² and is 7.7 km long, 1.6 km wide and 51 m deep. Its shores are wooded. There are 5 islands in the lake, covering a total area of 0.05 km². The two larger ones are wooded. Nearby there is the nature reserve "King's Pine" (Krolewska Sosna), covering an area of 1.037 km². Another large nature reserve (1.058 km²) is covered with mixed forest and contains small, overgrowing lakes, surrounded by peat bog in which rare plants grow, such as orchis, water lilies and others. Lake LucknainenIn Polish: Jezioro Luknajno. This lake is a bird sanctuary, established in 1977, extending to 7.1 km² and home to approx. 1,000 pairs of mute swans. It has been included into the UNESCO's list of biospherical conservation areas and in the international Ramsar Convention. The lake is a resting place and feeding ground to birds of passage. Lake PogobinIn Polish: Jezioro Pogobie Wielkie. This lake, with an area of 6.79 km² and a depth of 90 cm, is a nature reserve. Its shores are marshy. Rare kinds of water-fowl and marsh birds sit here. Lake Pogobin includes an island called Ostrow Wielki. Great Lake KalbenIn Polish: Jezioro Kalwa, 5.24 km². It has the shape of a horseshoe. Great Lake Kalben has been graded into water class II. Lake GehlandIn Polish: Jezioro Gieladzkie. It has an area of 4.76 km², a length of 6.9 km, a width of 1.7 km and a depth of 27 m. Its shoreline features lots of coves and peninsulas and its environs are hilly. The Isle of Ostrow Wielki and several small islands, where cormorants have their nesting places, are situated in this lake. Lake LehleschkenIn Polish: Jezioro Leleskie, 4.47 km² Lake LyckIn Polish: Jezioro Elckie, 4 km². It is up to 57 m deep. Lake Lyck was formed by a glacial glacier. White LakeIn Polish: Jezioro Biale. It has an area of 3.59 km² and is 5 km long, 1.5 km wide and 31 m deep. Its shoreline is formed by lots of coves and peninsulas. 4 wooded islands with nesting places of cranes are situated in the northern part of this lake. Lake RheinsweinIn Polis: Jezioro Ranskie. It has an area of 2.94 km² and is 3.8 km long, 1.5 km wide and 8 m deep and includes a wooded island. Lake DrusenIn Polish: Jezioro Zdruzno. It has an area of 2.51 km² and is 3 km long, 1.5 km wide and 26 m deep. Its shores are wooded. Lake SiewenIn Polish: Jezioro Zywy, extending to 2.5 km². It is partly surrounded by steep shores which are covered with alders. There are numerous islands in the lake. Its water is clear, but creepers grow rampantly at the bottom. Great Lake BabantIn Polish: Jezioro Babiety Wielkie. It has an area of 2.5 km², a length of 5 km, a width of 1.2 km and a depth of 65 m. Great Lake SixdroiIn Polish: Jezioro Zyzdroj Wielkie. It has an area of 2.11 km², a length of 4.2 km, a width of 800 m and a depth of 14 m. Its shores are steep and covered with conifers. There is a wooded island in this lake.. Lake SorquittenIn Polish: Jezioro Lampackie. It has an area of 1.99 km², a length of 3.4 km, a width of 1 km and a depth of 38.5 m. The southern part of this lake includes a wooded island. Great Lake WiartelIn Polish: Jezioro Wiartel. This lake consists of two parts: the main water in the east and Lake Przylasek in the north. Great Lake Wiartel extends to 1.786 km² and is up to 29 m deep. There are 4 islands in the lake, covering an area of 0.012 km² altogether, with the largest of them covering an area of 0.008 km². Great Lake Wiartel has flat shores. Lake LangendorfIn Polish: Jezioro Dluzec. It has an area of 1.23 km², a length of 3.1 km, a width of 800 m and a depth of 20 m. Garden LakeIn Polish: Jezioro Gardynskie. It has an area of 0.83 km², a length of 1.3 km, a width of 900 m and a depth of 11.5 m. Water lilies and other rare water plants grow here in rich numbers. Lake GollubienLake Gollubien (in Polish: Jezioro Golubie or Jezioro Golubskie) is situated near Gollubien and Szczudlen, 18 km away from Lyck in the northeast. It has an area of 0.83 km² by geodetic measurement, but only of 0.61 km² by bathymetric measurement. This lake has a longish shape; its shoreline comes to 5,325 m. Lake Gollubien is shallow: its greatest depth measures 4.20 m, its average depth is 1.90 m. The ground of the lake falls only slightly and is covered with a thick layer of peat and mud. The largest part of the lake's shores is low. One quarter of the shore borders on housing estates, another quarter on cultivated farmland and the remaining rest on fallow land and grassland. The direct discharge of substances by residents and the indirect discharge from areas under cultivation are resulting in eutrophia of the lake's ecological system. Lake Gollubien has several minor inlets in the form of melioration ditches rising out of unclean springs. The water flows out through the River Golubica, which rises in the southern part of the lake and enters Great Lake Sellment. Lake Gollumbien's water is well warmed and the small reduction in the content of oxygen occurring in the course of the year doesn't usually have any unfavourable effects on the living conditions of the stock in fish. But when the lake freezes for a longer period in winter and the water supply fails, it comes to a deficit of oxygen which threatens the existence of the fish. Lake Gollubien is a basin with a far advanced aging process and is silting up heavily. One day its surface will be completely covered by vegetation; at the present time it is overgrown above the water-line by 40% and below it by 60%. Reeds dominate the vegetation above the water-line and form a self-contained zone along the shore. Among other species, duckweeds and a species of aloe appear as floating plants. The ground of the lake is covered with extensive underwater meadows. Lake KottlaIn Polish: Jezioro Kociol. It has an area of 0.8 km². Lake GantenIn Polish: Jezioro Gant. It has an area of 0.77 km², a length of 2.7 km, a width of 400 m, a depth of 26 m and is surrounded by woods. Lake LampaschIn Polish: Jezioro Lampasz. It extends to 0.76 km² and is 4 km long, 400 m wide and 23 m deep. Its shores are largely wooded. Lake EngelsteinIn Polish: Jezioro Wegielsztynskie. It has an area of 0.74 km². Great Lake GuszinIn Polish: Jezioro Guzianka Wielkie. It has an area of 0.72 km² and a depth of 29 m. Lake UblickIn Polish: Jezioro Uplik. This lake covers an area of 0.61 km². It is 2.6 km long and 500 m wide and a retreat to a colony of herons (Czaplisko Lawny Lasek) with an area of 0.08 km². Its shores are covered with high Norwegian spruces and pine trees. Lake KurwickIn Polish: Jezioro Kierwik. It has an area of 0.6 km² and a length of 1.5 km. Little Lake BabantIn Polish: Jezioro Babiety Male. It has an area of 0.57 km² and a length of 2.5 km. Lake KrutinnenIn Polish: Jezioro Krutynskie. It has an area of 0.55 km², a length of 2 km, a width of 500 m and a depth of 3 m. This lake belongs to the nature reserve of Krutinna. Little Lake SixdroiIn Polish: Jezioro Zyzdroj Male, 0.51 km². Lake PuppenIn Polish: Jezioro Spychowskie, 0.5 km². Lake DussIn Polish: Jezioro Dus. It has an area of 0.42 km² and a length of 800 m. Little Lake GuszinIn Polish: Jezioro Guzianka Male. It has an area of 0.42 km² and a depth of 13.3 m. Little Lake PustnickIn Polish: Jezioro Pustnik Male, 0.33 km². Lake KunoIn Polish: Jezioro Kujno. It has an area of 0.3 km², a length of 1.5 km, a width of 320 m and a depth of 5.5 m. Its shores are hilly and wooded. Lake LissuhnenIn Polish: Jezioro Lisunie. This overgrowing forest lake, covering area of 0.16 km², is a conservation area for rare water and marsh plants. Lake NiedaynoIts water level was lowered by 3.5 m in 1875. Lake KrzywenIn Polish: Jezioro Krzywe. Its water level was lowered by 3 m in 1875. Great Lake TaltenIn Polish: Jezioro Talty, a channel-like lake. It has a length of 16 km and a depth of 50.8 m. Great Lake Talten has been graded into water class II. Lake SzonstagIn Polish: Jezioro Szostak. Due to a canal which was built in 1867 to connect Lake Szonstag with Lake Laschmiaden, its water level was lowered by 5.60 m. Lake PierwoyIn Polish: Jezioro Pierwoj. This lake is growing over and legally protected. Great Lake WongelIn Polish: Jezioro Wagiel, a channel-like lake. In 1873 its water level was lowered by 6.24 m. Lake WiersbauIn Polish: Jezioro Wierzbowskie, a channel-like lake. Lake SchossIn Polish: Jezioro Czos, a channel-like lake. Lake JunoIn Polish: Jezioro Juno, a channel-like lake. Lake KerstinowenIn Polish: Jezioro Kierzstanowskie, a channel-like lake. Lake Szigiel DejnowskieIn Polish: Jezioro Szigiel Dejnowskie, a channel-like lake. Lake PillackenIn Polish: Jezioro Pilakno. It is 63 m deep. Lake ArysIn Polish: Jezioro Orzysz. Due to measures of regulation (building of the upper and lower canal) from 1861 to 1867, the water level was lowered by almost 2 m. Lake TejsowoIn Polish: Jezioro Tejsowo. It has a length of 1 km. Lake DopkenIn Polish: Jezioro Dobskie, a channel-like lake. Great Lake SchobenIn Polish: Jezioro Sasek Wielkie. Great Lake Schoben has been graded into water class II. Lake JejodszynIn Polish: Jezioro Jegocin. Lake Jejodszyn has been graded into water class II. Lake WidminnenIn Polish: Jezioro Wydminskie. From 1865 to 1867 the water level was lowered by 2.7 m. Now the lake is only 10 m deep. More lakes
Great Lake Baitkowen (Jezioro Bajtkowskie Duze), Little Lake Baitkowen (Jezioro Bajtkowskie Male), Great Lake Ballau (Jezioro Forsznit), Lake Bawelno (Jezioro Bawelno), Lake Bialla (Jezioro Biale), Lake Biallolafken (Jezioro Bialolawki), Lake Bill (Jezioro Dlugie), Birch Lake (Jezioro Glebowko), Lake Bittkowen (Jezioro Bitkowskie), Lake Borowe (Jezioro Borowe), Lake Braynicken (Jezioro Brajnickie), Hut Lake (Jezioro Kuc), Lake Buwelno (Jezioro Ublik Wielkie), Lake Czarnen (Jezioro Czarne), Lake Debniak (Jezioro Debniak), Lake Deyguhn (Jezioro Dejguny), Lake Dluszek (Jezioro Dluzek), Village Lake (Jezioro Plasutno), Little Lake Druglin (Jezioro Druglin Male), Lake Dybowen (Jezioro Dybowskie), Narrow Lake (Jezioro Biale), Foul Lake (Jezioro Mazanskie), Lake Gablick (Jezioro Gawlik), Great Lake Gall (Jezioro Dgal Wielkie), Great Lake Garbassen (Jezioro Garbas Duze), Lake Gielans, Lake Gimmen (Jezioro Gim), Lake Goldap (Jezioro Goldap), Lake Goldapgar (Jezioro Goldapiwo), Lake Golubie (Jezioro Golubie), Lake Gonsken (Jezioro Przytulskie), Lake Grabnick (Jezioro Grabnik), Lake Grammen (Jezioro Gromskie), Lake Gross Notisten (Jezioro Mierzejewskie), Lake Gross Rauschken (Jezioro Ruskie), Lake Gross Rogallen (Jezioro Rogale Wielkie), Lake Gross Strengeln (Jezioro Stregiel), Lake Guber (Jezioro Guber), Lake Gusken (Jezioro Guskie), Lake Gutten (Jezioro Skrodzkie), Lake Haarschen (Jezioro Harsz), Lake Hanselow (Jezioro Henzelewo-Jedzelewo), Lake Haschner (Jezioro Lazno), House Lake, Hessian Lake (Jezioro Wojnowo), Lake Ilawki (Jezioro Ilawki), Island Lake (Jezioro Druglin Duze), Lake Ixt (Jezioro Juksty), Great Hunt Lake, Little Hunt Lake, Lake Jagodnen (Jezioro Jagodne), Lake Jedwabno, Lake Kalen (Jezioro Kalen), Great Lake Kalgienen (Jezioro Kolowin), Lake Klein Lenkuk (Jezioro Lekuk), Lake Klein Oletzko (Jezioro Oleckie Male), Lake Klein Rogallen (Jezioro Rogale Male), Lake Klimmeck (Jezioro Konik), Lake Kociolek (Jezioro Kociolek), Lake Kösnick (Jezioro Kosno), Lake Kownatken (Jezioro Kownatki), Lake Kruglinnen (Jezioro Kruklin), Lake Krumme Kutte (Jezioro Krzywa Kuta), Great Lake Kukowken (Jezioro Kukowino), Great Lake Labuhnen (Jezioro Labuny Duze), Long Lake, Lake Layss, Lake Lemning (Jezioro Lemiet), Great Lake Lenks (Jezioro Lesk), Great Lake Lepacken (Jezioro Lepaki Duze), Little Lake Lepacken (Jezioro Lepaki Male), Lake Lipinsken (Jezioro Lipinskie), Lake Loien (Jezioro Przeros), Great Lake Maitz (Jezioro Majcz Wielkie), Lake Malinowko (Jezioro Malinowko), Lake Malschöwen (Jezioro Malszewskie), Lake Marczinawolla (Jezioro Buwelno), Great Lake Margen (Jezioro Sawinda Wielkie), Lake Marinowo, Lake Marxöwen (Jezioro Marksoby), Great Lake Mierunsken (Jezioro Mierunskie Wielkie), Lake Mittelpogobien (Jezioro Pogubie Male), Lake Mleczowka Duza (Jezioro Mleczowka Duza), Lake Muxt (Jezioro Zawadzkie), Lake Narth (Jezioro Swietajno), Great Lake Nawiadt (Jezioro Nawiady), Lake Ogrodek (Jezioro Ogrodek), Lake Oletzko (Jezioro Oleckie Wielkie), Lake Omulef (Jezioro Omulew), Lake Orlen (Jezioro Orlo), Great Otter Lake (Jezioro Kepno), Lake Pammern (Jezioro Pamer), Lake Pillwung (Jezioro Pilwag), Lake Possessern (Jezioro Pozezdrze), Lake Proberg (Jezioro Probarskie), Lake Prosolasken (Jezioro Brzozolasek), Lake Przepiorken (Jezioro Przepiorka), Lake Rauwelno, Lake Reckau (Jezioro Rekowe), Lake Regelnitzen (Jezioro Regelskie), Heron Lake, Lake Rostken (Jezioro Rostki), Lake Rumeten (Jezioro Romoly), Lake Salent (Jezioro Salet), Lake Sarken (Jezioro Szarek), Lake Schimonken (Jezioro Szymon), Gorge Lake (Jezioro Zdrezno), Lake Schnittken (Jezioro Inulec), Little Lake Schoben (Jezioro Szoby Male), Fine Lake (Jezioro Zawadzkie), Great Lake Schwalg (Jezioro Szwalk Wielkie), Black Lake (Jezioro Czarne), Lake Sdeden (Jezioro Zdedy), Lake Sedranken (Jezioro Sedraneckie), Lake Seedanzig (Jezioro Sedanskie), Lake Seneczek (Jezioro Seneczek), Lake Skomentnen (Jezioro Skometno), Lake Skottau (Jezioro Szkotowskie), Lake Slepieniec (Jezioro Slepieniec), Lake Smolak (Jezioro Smolak), Lake Soltmahnen (Jezioro Soltmany), Lake Sonnau (Jezioro Sunowe), Lake Sontag (Jezioro Zyndakie), Lake Statzen (Jezioro Stackie), Lake Stradaunen, Stream Lake (Jezioro Stromek), Whirl Lake (Jezioro Dobrzyn), Lake Szlam (Jezioro Szlam), Lake Talfrieden (Jezioro Haleckie), Little Lake Talten (JezioroTaltowisko), Lake Taita (Jezioro Tajty), Tatar Lake, Deep Lake (Jezioro Nozyce), Lake Tirklo (Jezioro Tyrklo), Little Lake Ublick (Jezioro Ublik Male), Lake Waldpusch (Jezioro Walpusz), Lake Weinow, Lake Wilkus (Jezioro Wilkus), Great Wolf Lake (Jezioro Mieczowka), Lake Woszellen (Jezioro Woszczelskie), Lake Zielone (Jezioro Zielone) CanalsJohannisburg CanalIn Polish: Kanal Jeglinski. It connects Lake Spirding with Lake Rosch. Canal of LötzenIt connects Wall Lake with Lake Löwentin. Masurian CanalIn Polish: Kanal Mazurski. The project was intended to connect the Masurian Lake District with the Baltic Sea via the rivers Alle and Pregel. The construction works started in 1911 and continued until World War I only. It wasn't until 1934 that those works went on. They stopped again in 1942. The canal filled up with water. There had been plans to build 10 locks in order to overcome a 111.2 m difference in altitude, stretching over a distance of 51 km. But after World War II East Prussia was split up between Russia and Poland. For this reason and because of the tendency to move freight traffic from water to the road the completion of the project is no longer profitable. Kossel CanalIn Polish: Kanal Kozielski |
The River Krutinna (in Polish: Krutynia) meanders along a distance of 99.9 km. It rises in the Great Lake Weissstein, runs through several lakes and Johannisburg Heath and finally flows into the Isnothen Cove of Lake Beldahn. Although it was regulated in 1851, it has kept its natural qualities and forms the axis of the two nature reserves "Krutinna" in the upper reaches of the river and "Lower Krutinna" (Krutynia Dolna).